{"id":38605,"date":"2020-10-29T14:05:47","date_gmt":"2020-10-29T14:05:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/?page_id=38605"},"modified":"2025-12-13T20:14:25","modified_gmt":"2025-12-13T20:14:25","slug":"child-environmental-rights-defenders","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/focus-on\/environment\/child-environmental-rights-defenders\/","title":{"rendered":"Child environmental rights defenders"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><strong>Child environmental rights defenders work across the planet on every continent to protect and promote human and environmental rights. These children often work at great personal risk of reprisal and targeting to defend the rights of current and future generations.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_512818693_1200-1024x684.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-48878\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Children are working to defend the environment&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Child environmental rights defenders are in some ways both tragic reminders of the desperate extent of the global climate emergency and incredible beacons of hope for the future of our planet and all the life it contains. It is no longer possible to ignore the inextricable links between environmental justice and social justice, and child environmental rights defenders are keenly aware of this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em>\u201cI want a better future. I want to save my future. I want to save our future. I want to save the future of all the children and all people of future generations<\/em>\u201d. <\/p><cite>Ridhima Pandey, 11 years-old (Amnesty International, 2019).<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Children are, and have been for generations, involved in the protection of the environment. The injustices and violations of the protracted climate emergency are immeasurably devastating. Decades of neoliberal world politics along with immense escalation in industrial activities following colonialism and the ensuing industrial revolutions, alongside poorly regulated consumer capitalism, has seen the sustained destruction of natural habitats as well as the ravaging of homes, communities and the wellbeing of human, plant and animal life around the world (Galeano, 1971).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Who are child environmental rights defenders?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Any child can be an environmental rights defender. It is not an official title or category and the term can encompass children who are activists, writers, orators, campaigners, organisers and more (United Nations General Assembly, 2019). So, a child environmental rights defender is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/children-human-rights-defenders\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">human rights defender<\/a> under the age of 18 who focuses on environmental issues. There is no definition of a human rights defender, or an environmental rights defender, and so it is first and foremost a child\u2019s actions that make them a child environmental rights defender (OHCHR, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em>\u201cWe don\u2019t talk a lot about how the crisis impacts black, brown, indigenous, and low-income communities [\u2026] When we talk about the climate crisis and we don\u2019t talk about these communities that are being affected, we create this circle of it becoming a white issue, or an issue that doesn\u2019t care about black and brown bodies, and that allows for solutions that don\u2019t care about black and brown bodies.\u201d<\/em> <\/p><cite>Isra Hirsi, 16 years-old (City Pages, 2019).<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><br>Although child human rights defenders and (adult) environmental rights defenders are gradually receiving more attention. Child environmental rights defenders continue to be insufficiently recognised, supported and protected. High-profile child environmental rights defenders include <strong>Timoci Naulusala, Mari Copeny, Aditya Mukarji, Lilly Platt, Nadia Nazar, Holly Gillibrand, Jamie Margolin, Autumn Peltier <\/strong>(known as the \u2018Water Warrior\u2019) and <strong>Greta Thurberg, <\/strong>as well as each child quoted in this article. Most of these children, however, do their work far outside of the spotlight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Action taken by children for the environment<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>These children work to defend human and environmental rights and to counteract the theft and destruction of the environment as well as the human rights violations and injustices that environmental destruction brings about. Children who defend the environment often do it at great personal risk. Many of these children are indigenous to the land which they defend, and being an indigenous minority adds further vulnerability by heightening the risk of the work that they do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em>\u201cThe silence on environmental injustice seems to be intentional. Most people do not care what they do to the environment. I noticed adults were not willing to offer leadership and I chose to volunteer myself. Environmental injustice is injustice to me\u201d<\/em>.&nbsp;<\/p><cite>Leah Namugerwa, 15 years-old (Amnesty International, 2019).<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Such children\u2019s rights defence can include resistance to activities including agribusiness, deforestation, logging, mining, fracking, and creation of plantations, pipelines and dams, which regularly threaten the health, lifestyle and existence of many communities. Although much environmental defence is done by adults, children play central and important roles. Some children lead, or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/childrens-involvement\/\">participate<\/a> in, protests and organised activism as well as speaking out to local media, political stakeholders, wider civil society and the international community in order to raise awareness of the violations that environmental destruction inflicts upon communities. These activities may take place online or offline. There is a growing focus on the need for intersectional environmental rights defence which centres inextricable issues such as racial justice, class inequality and indigenous people\u2019s rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em>\u201cThe first ones to get affected are indigenous communities who are displaced because of infrastructure and disrespect of the land. It\u2019s not just coming from black, brown, and indigenous communities being victims of pollution that the fossil fuel industry brings. It\u2019s much deeper than that. Whose spaces are they choosing to contaminate and build infrastructure in the first place?\u201d <\/em><\/p><cite>Xiye Bastida, 17 years-old (Vox, 2019).<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Child environmental rights defenders may also engage with the United Nations (UN). One example is a 2019 landmark legal complaint from a group of 16 child environmental rights defenders from 12 different countries, filed to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) against Germany, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/europe-caucasus-france\/\">France<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/brazil\/\">Brazil<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/argentina\/\">Argentina<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/turkey\/\">Turkey<\/a> for failing to uphold their obligations to child rights. The complaint demanded that the states in question immediately address the global climate crisis, and held them accountable for their perilous inaction. Announcing the petition in New York, 14 year-old Alexandria Villase\u00f1or<strong> <\/strong>said:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em>\u201cWe are here as victims of the pollution that has been carelessly dumped into our lands, air and sea for generations, and as children whose rights are being violated. Today, we are fighting back\u201d. <\/em><\/p><cite>Alexandria Villase\u00f1or, 14 years-old (Indigenous Peoples Major Group for Sustainable Development, 2019).<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The rights of child environmental defenders<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Children possess all human rights, with additional <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/childrens-rights\/\">child rights<\/a>, including the right to be protected by adults &#8211; and adults\u2019 corresponding obligation to protect children. Children who resist environmental destruction and its consequences are often exercising some of their most fundamental rights as humans and as children. Their right to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/childrens-involvement\/\">participation<\/a>, to be heard, to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/water\/\">freedom<\/a> of expression, opinion and assembly as well as their rights to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/life\/\">life<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/nondiscrimination\/\">non-discrimination<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/water\/\">water<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/fundamental-rights-2\/health\/\">health<\/a> and to a safe, healthy and sustainable environment are also being claimed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em><em>\u201cYou have stolen my dreams and my childhood with your empty words. And yet I&#8217;m one of the lucky ones. People are suffering. People are dying. Entire ecosystems are collapsing. We are in the beginning of a mass extinction, and all you can talk about is money and fairy tales of eternal economic growth. How dare you\u201d.<\/em> <\/em><\/p><cite>Greta Thunberg, 17 years-old (NPR, 2019).<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rights specific to child environmental defenders<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The General Assembly of the United Nations formally recognised the importance of environmental rights defenders in March 2019 at the Human Rights Council\u2019s 40th session. It is recognised that environmental rights defenders are one of the rights defenders at most risk and who most often experience reprisals and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/violence\/\">violent<\/a> retaliation, with children being especially vulnerable (United Nations General Assembly, 2019). Indeed, the UN called on states to <em>\u201cprovide a safe and empowering context for initiatives organized by young people and children to defend human rights relating to the environment\u201d<\/em>, acknowledging the role of child environmental rights defenders, the importance of their work and their need for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/protection\/\">protection<\/a> (United Nations General Assembly, 2019).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The UN Committee on the Rights of the Child dedicated its 2018 Day of General Discussion (DGD) to the theme of \u2018Protecting and empowering children as human rights defenders\u2019 and section 4.4.6. of its Outcome Report addressed child environmental rights defenders specifically, noting they could face unequal access to resources, needed increased <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/protection\/\">protection<\/a> and that enforceable regulations should be developed for the business sector to help achieve this (CRC, 2018). Furthemore, the 2016 DGD focused on child rights and the environment, and noted that children defending the environment often faced violent <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/violence\/\">attacks<\/a>, stating that <em>\u201cStates should provide a safe and enabling environment for activists defending environmental rights, and owe a heightened duty of care to activists below the age of 18\u201d<\/em> (CRC, 2016).&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1533453056_1200-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-48887\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>There are no binding international human rights that are specific to child environmental rights defenders and it is paramount that these children be provided with increased protection.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rights from international law<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Children who act as environmental rights defenders exercise many of their most <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/childrens-rights\/\">fundamental human rights<\/a>, as enshrined in core instruments of international law including the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/convention\/\">Child Rights Convention<\/a> (\u2018CRC\u2019 and its two Optional Protocols) and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. These include their right to be heard (UN Convention on the Right of the Child, 2009), their right to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/childrens-involvement\/\">participation<\/a>, their rights to a healthy environment, to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/fundamental-rights\/freedom\/\">freedom<\/a> of expression (article 13, CRC), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/fundamental-rights\/freedom\/\">freedom<\/a> of thought, conscience and religion (article 14, CRC), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/fundamental-rights\/freedom\/\">freedom<\/a> of association and peaceful assembly (article 15, CRC), privacy (article 16, CRC) and information (article 17, CRC). Equally, children working to defend their environment are often invoking their rights to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/nondiscrimination\/\">non-discrimination<\/a> (article 2, CRC), best interests (article 3, CRC) and survival and development (article 6, CRC). These are only some of the core rights that children possess. Each child possesses many further <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/childrens-rights\/\">rights<\/a> under international law and according to the national law in their country of residence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Rights from regional laws<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Escaz\u00fa Agreement addresses questions of environmental justice in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/americas\/\">Latin America<\/a> and the Caribbean. Although it does not mention children explicitly, article 9 affords binding protection to \u2018Human rights defenders in environmental matters\u2019. This has been an extremely important legislative landmark, since, as repeatedly highlighted by international human rights organisations, dozens, or even hundreds of environmental and indigenous human rights defenders are killed in Latin America every year. This has been a <em>\u201chistoric milestone for environmental democracy<\/em>\u201d and is largely thanks to the tireless work of Latin American civil societies (Civicus, 2018).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although there exist many other regional mechanisms that address environmental rights, including for displaced people (such as the Kampala Convention), those which provide explicit rights to environmental rights defenders are few and far between. Many states and international organisations have developed \u2018soft law\u2019 approaches to provide these rights by creating policies and guidelines &#8211; such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/united-kingdom\/\">United Kingdom<\/a>\u2019s 2019 policy paper on support for human rights defenders (HM Government, 2019). Such actions do not go far enough, do not enshrine legislative rights or obligations to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/protection\/\">protect<\/a> rights defenders, and often do not prevent states from continuing to overlook rights defenders and act outside of their best interests.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Written by Josie Thum&nbsp;<\/strong><br><strong>Last updated on June 15, 2020<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bibliography<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL UK (2020) &#8216;Five young women of colour fighting climate change worldwide\u2019,<em> Amnesty International Online,<\/em> retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org.uk\/climate\/five-women-colour-fighting-climate-change-worldwide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.amnesty.org.uk\/climate\/five-women-colour-fighting-climate-change-worldwide<\/a>.<\/li><li>BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION (2019) &#8216;Climate change: 7 young climate activists from around the world\u2019, <em>BBC News Online,<\/em> retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/newsround\/49676291\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/newsround\/49676291<\/a>.<\/li><li>BURTON, Nylah (2019) &#8216;Meet the young activists of color who are leading the charge against climate disaster\u2019, <em>Vox<\/em>, retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/identities\/2019\/10\/11\/20904791\/young-climate-activists-of-color\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.vox.com\/identities\/2019\/10\/11\/20904791\/young-climate-activists-of-color<\/a>.<\/li><li>CIVICUS (2018) \u2018Escaz\u00fa Agreement\u2019,<em>Civicus Online, <\/em>&nbsp;retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.civicus.org\/index.php\/es\/component\/tags\/tag\/escazu-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.civicus.org\/index.php\/es\/component\/tags\/tag\/escazu-agreement<\/a>.<\/li><li>COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD (2019) \u2018Petition to Argentina, Brazil, France, Germany, and Turkey\u2019, retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/childrenvsclimatecrisis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/2019.09.23-CRC-communication-Sacchi-et-al-v.-Argentina-et-al-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/childrenvsclimatecrisis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/2019.09.23-CRC-communication-Sacchi-et-al-v.-Argentina-et-al-2.pdf<\/a>.<\/li><li>COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD (2018) <em>Report of the 2018 Day of General Discussion,<\/em> retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/HRBodies\/CRC\/Pages\/Discussion2018.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/HRBodies\/CRC\/Pages\/Discussion2018.aspx<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/li><li>COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD (2016) <em>Report of the 2016 Day of General Discussion,<\/em> retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/Documents\/HRBodies\/CRC\/Discussions\/2016\/DGDoutcomereport-May2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/Documents\/HRBodies\/CRC\/Discussions\/2016\/DGDoutcomereport-May2017.pdf<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/li><li>CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD, General Comment No. 12 (2009) retrieved from: <a href=\"http:\/\/tbinternet.ohchr.org\/_layouts\/treatybodyexternal\/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC\/C\/GC\/12&amp;Lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">tbinternet.ohchr.org\/_layouts\/treatybodyexternal\/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC\/C\/GC\/12&amp;Lang=en<\/a>.<\/li><li>COP23: 23rd annual Conference of the Parties to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (2017) \u2019Timoci Naulusala Addresses the High-Level Opening of COP23\u2019, <em>YouTube, <\/em>retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zg60sr38oic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zg60sr38oic<\/a>.<\/li><li>CASSEL, Emily (2019) &#8216;Isra Hirsi: The Climate Activist\u2019 in <em>City Pages,<\/em> retrieved from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.citypages.com\/news\/isra-hirsi-the-climate-activist\/561264211\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.citypages.com\/news\/isra-hirsi-the-climate-activist\/561264211<\/a>.<\/li><li>ETTACHFINI, Leila (2019) \u2018Isra Hirsi Is 16, Unbothered, and Saving the Planet\u2019, <em>Vice,<\/em> retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vice.com\/en_us\/article\/a357wp\/isra-hirsi-ilhan-omar-daughter-climate-strike-profile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.vice.com\/en_us\/article\/a357wp\/isra-hirsi-ilhan-omar-daughter-climate-strike-profile<\/a><\/li><li>GALEANO, Eduardo (1971) <em>Las Venas Abiertas de Am\u00e9rica Latina<\/em>, Serpent\u2019s Tail 2009: London.&nbsp;<\/li><li>HM GOVERNMENT (2019) <em>UK Support for Human Rights Defenders,<\/em> Crown Copyright 2019, retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/819299\/UK-Support-for-Human-Rights-Defenders.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/819299\/UK-Support-for-Human-Rights-Defenders.pdf<\/a>&nbsp;<\/li><li>INITIATIVE FOR CHILDREN IN MIGRATION (2020) \u2018Why does children\u2019s participation in advocacy matter?\u2019, <em>Initiative for Children in Migration Online, <\/em>retrieved from: http:\/\/childreninmigration.eu\/child-participation.<\/li><li>KNOX, John (2017) \u2018Environmental Human Rights Defenders: a global crisis\u2019, <em>Universal Rights Group Geneva, <\/em>retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.universal-rights.org\/urg-policy-reports\/environmental-human-rights-defenders-ehrds-risking-today-tomorrow\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.universal-rights.org\/urg-policy-reports\/environmental-human-rights-defenders-ehrds-risking-today-tomorrow\/<\/a>.<\/li><li>MAYRON, Sapeer (2019) \u2018Pacific children file climate crisis complaint to the United Nations\u2019, <em>Indigenous Peoples Major Group for Sustainable Development<\/em>, retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.indigenouspeoples-sdg.org\/index.php\/english\/all-global-news\/1241-pacific-children-file-climate-crisis-complaint-to-the-united-nations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.indigenouspeoples-sdg.org\/index.php\/english\/all-global-news\/1241-pacific-children-file-climate-crisis-complaint-to-the-united-nations<\/a>.<\/li><li>NPR (2019) &#8216;Transcript: Greta Thunberg&#8217;s Speech At The U.N. Climate Action Summit\u2019, <em>NPR Online,<\/em> retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2019\/09\/23\/763452863\/transcript-greta-thunbergs-speech-at-the-u-n-climate-action-summit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2019\/09\/23\/763452863\/transcript-greta-thunbergs-speech-at-the-u-n-climate-action-summit<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/li><li>R. Sasha (2019) \u2018These 5 young activists apart from Greta Thunberg are fighting the climate change war\u2019, <em>Your Story<\/em>, retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/yourstory.com\/herstory\/2019\/10\/5-young-climate-change-activists-autumn-peltier-ridhima-pandey\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/yourstory.com\/herstory\/2019\/10\/5-young-climate-change-activists-autumn-peltier-ridhima-pandey<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/li><li>SAVE THE CHILDREN (2018) &#8216;Submission by Save the Children to inform the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child Day of General Discussion on 28 September, 2018, on \u2018Protecting and Empowering Children as Human Rights Defenders\u2019\u2019, retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/Documents\/HRBodies\/CRC\/Discussions\/2018\/SaveTheChildren.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/Documents\/HRBodies\/CRC\/Discussions\/2018\/SaveTheChildren.pdf<\/a>.<\/li><li>UN ECLAC (2018) <em>Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean<\/em>, retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/repositorio.cepal.org\/bitstream\/handle\/11362\/43583\/1\/S1800428_en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/repositorio.cepal.org\/bitstream\/handle\/11362\/43583\/1\/S1800428_en.pdf<\/a>.<\/li><li>UN ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (2019) &#8216;The environment has become the new frontline for human rights defenders\u2019,<em> UN Environment Online,<\/em> retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unenvironment.org\/news-and-stories\/story\/environment-has-become-new-frontline-human-rights-defenders\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.unenvironment.org\/news-and-stories\/story\/environment-has-become-new-frontline-human-rights-defenders<\/a>.<\/li><li>UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY (2019) HRC\/40\/L.22\/Rev.1; GA HRC; Fortieth session; 25 February\u201322 March 2019; Agenda item 3 retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/undocs.org\/A\/HRC\/40\/L.22\/Rev.1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/undocs.org\/A\/HRC\/40\/L.22\/Rev.1<\/a>.<\/li><li>UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY(1999) \u2018Declaration on the Right and Responsibility of Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society to Promote and Protect Universally Recognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms\u2019, retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/Documents\/Issues\/Defenders\/Declaration\/declaration.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/Documents\/Issues\/Defenders\/Declaration\/declaration.pdf<\/a>.<\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Child environmental rights defenders work across the planet on every continent to protect and promote human and environmental rights. These children often work at great personal risk of reprisal and targeting to defend the rights of current and future generations. Children are working to defend the environment&nbsp; Child environmental rights defenders are in some ways [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":38607,"parent":38435,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-38605","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Child environmental rights defenders - Humanium<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/focus-on\/environment\/child-environmental-rights-defenders\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Child environmental rights defenders - Humanium\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Child environmental rights defenders work across the planet on every continent to protect and promote human and environmental rights. These children often work at great personal risk of reprisal and targeting to defend the rights of current and future generations. 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