{"id":24578,"date":"2018-08-01T00:01:06","date_gmt":"2018-08-01T00:01:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/?p=24578"},"modified":"2018-07-31T17:18:27","modified_gmt":"2018-07-31T17:18:27","slug":"the-children-of-ghouta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/the-children-of-ghouta\/","title":{"rendered":"The Children of Ghouta"},"content":{"rendered":"

Massacres, bombings, battles.. are the words that pop up in your search engine if you type Eastern Ghouta<\/i>. Between 2013 and 2018, this Syrian rural area to the east of Damascus was besieged by the regime of Bashar El Assad. Proclaimed a “de-escalation zone” in May 2017, the isolated region was home to 367,000 civilians, half of whom were children (UOSSM, October 2017). On February 21, 2018, The British newspaper The Guardian <\/i>declares it has been the theatre of the biggest massacres of the 21st century. Every day, at the gates of Damascus, civilians died due to air strikes or starvation. On May 21, Eastern Ghouta returned under the effective control of the Syrian regime, putting an end to 6 years of fighting. Humanium reviews the situation of children in Eastern Ghouta.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

An escalation of violence that did not spare children<\/h2>\n

The main stronghold of the rebellion in the Damascus region of Ghouta was quickly caught between the regime of Bashar El Assad and the various factions of the opposition. In 2013, the army chemically attacked the population with sarin gas, leaving 1,429 dead including 426 children (Le Figaro, April 2017). Following the attack, the region is besieged by armed troops. The civilians\u2019 daily life is punctuated by the fights between the different religious militias and the truce violations of the regime. On October 31, 2017, 6 schoolchildren are killed in the town of Jisrine, due to bombs fired by the regime hitting the school entrance while children are leaving the building (RTBF, October 2017). The same day, artillery fire kills about 10 people including 5 children (Le Figaro, October 2017). Besieged for 4 years by the army, the region found itself deprived of any outside help; a situation Aleppo experienced in December 2016. On February 22, 2018, five days of air strikes and intense artillery fire kill 403 civilians, including 95 children, according to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. It is on social networks that Syrians find a way out of isolation and are able to deliver their testimonies.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

This is the case of Muhammad Najem, a teenager barely 15 years old who, through his twitter <\/span>@muhammadnajem20<\/span>, has become the symbol of the Syrian martyr. While standing in front of a pile of rubble on January 15, 2018, he asks us in phonetic English: “Who is this world that can send machines to the Martians and do nothing to stop the massacres?” \u00a0On Facebook, another Syrian victim, Dr. Housam Adnan, denounces regular regime attacks on hospitals; attacks that violate the internationally ratified Geneva Convention stipulating the immunity of hospitals and medical personnel in conflict zones. But in the midst of the dead and wounded, photos from the doctor\u2019s Facebook shout to the world: these are young children, why are they scrawny and emaciated? For months, the regime has been blocking access to humanitarian aid of basic necessities, leaving the population facing the serious threat of malnutrition of which the youngest children are the first victims.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Famine during bombings<\/h2>\n

Of the blockade of Ghouta remains the image of the small Sahar Dofdaa, a skeletal infant who succumbed to starvation a few days after its picture is taken. Even though hunger was gnawing the region, Goutha stayed cut off from the rest of the world and no NGO could deliver the amount of basic necessities needed but they had to be sent drop by drop. Numerous mothers with anemia could not breastfeed, which directly affected young children. (RFI, October 2017) According to Tamara Kummer, the spokesperson for UNICEF Middle East, between July and September 2017 more than 1,200 children were suffering from acute malnutrition, a quarter of which were severely malnourished. Deprived of drugs and personnel, the local medical services struggle to relieve the situation. Since 2013, the medical situation keeps on \u00a0deteriorating as another 40 health centers and hospitals have been destroyed. For Dr. Ana Abu Yassir, director of Al-Marj’s medical office, the situation is catastrophic. The shortage of vaccines threatens the health of the youngest and the chronically ill. Syrian doctors have already rang alarm bells in 2015, evoking a medical disaster where injured populations can not be treated properly and where diseases such as polio, tuberculosis, scabies or typhoid have resurfaced. (Tribune de Gen\u00e8ve, January 2015).<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201cGod, Syria, freedom and that\u2019s all\u201d – A look to the future<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

If today we mention the Syrian issue only by dealing with terrorist groups and war tactics, it is good to remember that the 2011 civil uprising was pacifist and aspired to broaden rights and freedom. When you type <\/span>Eastern Ghouta<\/span><\/i> in a search engine, in the midst of battles and political statements, you will find a Wikipedia page stating that Ghouta in Arabic also means Oasis. “And for a few triumphant oases, what immense deserts to cross,” said Andr\u00e9 Gide.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Humanium’s team is committed every day, body and soul, to put an end to violence and physical and mental abuse of children around the world. We strive to uphold the rights of every child in the world, educating adults and children about our cause, changing attitudes, and working directly in the field.<\/span><\/p>\n

Visit our website<\/span> https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/<\/span><\/a> to learn more about children\u2019s rights and our work, to contact Humanium\u2019s team, and to stand beside us in improving the life of thousands of children throughout the world! <\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Written by: \u00a0Florine Tirole<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Proof-read by : Anja Finke<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Translated by: \u00a0Denis Gingras <\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Proof-read by : Charlotte Madrangeas<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sources :<\/b><\/p>\n

RFI, 26\/10\/2017, Syrie: les enfants de la Ghouta-orientale victimes de malnutrition [<\/span>Syria: the children of Eastern Ghouta are victim of malnutrition<\/span><\/i> in English] , consulted on 01\/11\/2017 \u00a0<\/span>http:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/moyen-orient\/20171026-malnutrition-enfants-syrie-ghouta-orientale-unicef-guerre-damas<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

RFI, 24\/07\/2017, \u00abZones de d\u00e9sescalade en Syrie\u00bb: une tr\u00eave tactique explique Fabrice Balanche [<\/span>\u201cSyrian de-escalation zones\u201d: a tactial truce explains Fabrice Balanche<\/span><\/i> in English] , consulted on 01\/11\/2017 <\/span>http:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/moyen-orient\/20170724-zones-desescalade-syrie-treve-tactique-hayat-tahrir-cham-balanche<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Paris Match, 23\/10\/2017, En Syrie, dans la Ghouta assi\u00e9g\u00e9e, la mort r\u00f4de autour d’enfants malnutris [<\/span>In Syria, in besieged Ghouta, death hangs around malnourished children<\/span><\/i> in English], \u00a0consulted on 01\/11\/2017 <\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.parismatch.com\/Actu\/International\/En-Syrie-dans-la-Ghouta-assiegee-la-mort-rode-autour-d-enfants-malnutris-1376852<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Le Monde, 25\/10\/2017, Enfants malnutris dans la Ghouta, pr\u00e8s de Damas : \u00ab Nous r\u00e9clamons un acc\u00e8s humanitaire \u00bb [<\/span>Malnourished children in Ghouta near Damascus: \u00a0\u201cWe demand humanitarian access\u201d<\/span><\/i> in English], consulted on 01\/11\/2017 <\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/syrie\/article\/2017\/10\/25\/enfants-malnutris-dans-la-ghouta-pres-de-damas-nous-reclamons-un-acces-humanitaire_5205815_1618247.html<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

UOSSM, 24\/10\/2017, AU C\u0152UR DE L\u2019ENFER \u00c0 GHOUTA : LES ENFANTS, PREMI\u00c8RES VICTIMES DU SI\u00c8GE QUI ISOLE LA VILLE DEPUIS 2013 [<\/span>At the center of Ghouta\u2019s hell: \u00a0children, the first victims of the siege that has isolated the town since 2013<\/span><\/i> in English], consulted on 01\/11\/2017 <\/span>http:\/\/www.uossm.fr\/au_coeur_de_l_enfer_a_ghouta_les_enfants_premieres_victimes_du_siege_qui_isole_la_ville_depuis_2013<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Le Figaro, 27\/10\/2017, Syrie : “Ghouta orientale, la situation humanitaire est une honte” selon le commissaire de l’ONU [<\/span>Syria: \u00a0\u201cEastern Ghouta, the humanitarian situation is a disgrace\u201d according to the UN commissionner<\/span><\/i> in English]. consulted on 01\/11\/2017 \u00a0<\/span>http:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/flash-actu\/2017\/10\/27\/97001-20171027FILWWW00149-syrie-ghouta-orientale-la-situation-humanitaire-est-une-honte-selon-le-commissaire-de-l-onu.php<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

La tribune de Gen\u00e8ve, 07\/01\/2015, La Syrie est en plein \u00abd\u00e9sastre m\u00e9dical\u00bb [<\/span>Syria in the middle of a \u201cmedical disaster\u201d<\/span><\/i> in English], consulted on 01\/11\/2017 \u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/www.tdg.ch\/monde\/syrie-plein-desastre-medical\/story\/25584106<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Le Figaro, 05\/04\/2017, Attaques chimiques en Syrie : histoire d’un massacre de masse [<\/span>Syrian chemical attacks: \u00a0the tale of a mass massacre<\/span><\/i> in English], consulted on 01\/11\/2017 <\/span>http:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/international\/2017\/04\/05\/01003-20170405ARTFIG00266-attaques-chimiques-en-syrie-histoire-d-un-massacre-de-masse.php<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

RTBF, 31\/10\/2017, En Syrie, des \u00e9coliers fauch\u00e9s par un tir d’obus du r\u00e9gime [I<\/span>n Syria, school children hit by regime shrapnel<\/span><\/i> in English], consulted on 01\/11\/2017 <\/span>https:\/\/www.rtbf.be\/info\/monde\/detail_en-syrie-des-ecoliers-fauches-par-un-tir-d-obus-du-regime?id=9751473<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

AFP, 31\/10\/2017, Syrie: un convoi d’aide entre dans la Ghouta orientale assi\u00e9g\u00e9e [<\/span>Syria: an aid convoy enters besieged Eastern Ghouta<\/span><\/i> in English], consulted on 01\/11\/2017 <\/span>https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nvTmGuo-EI4<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Le Figaro, 32\/10\/2017, Tirs d’artillerie dans la Ghouta orientale, pr\u00e8s de Damas [<\/span>Artillery fire in Eastern Ghouta near Damascus<\/span><\/i> in English], \u00a0consulted on 01\/11\/2016 <\/span>http:\/\/www.lefigaro.fr\/flash-actu\/2017\/10\/31\/97001-20171031FILWWW00218-tirs-d-artillerie-dans-la-ghouta-orientale-pres-de-damas.php<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bibliography :<\/b><\/p>\n

Samar Yazbek, La cosmopolite, Stock, Paris, 2016, Les portes du N\u00e9ant [<\/span>Doors to nothingness<\/span><\/i> in English]<\/span><\/p>\n

Collectif, La lenteur, 2017, Sur la r\u00e9volution syrienne [<\/span>On the Syrian revolution<\/span><\/i> in English]<\/span><\/p>\n

Fran\u00e7ois Burgat, Bruno Paoli, La d\u00e9couverte, Paris, 2013, Pas de printemps pour la Syrie [<\/span>No spring for Syria<\/span><\/i> in English]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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