{"id":30467,"date":"2019-11-05T20:02:16","date_gmt":"2019-11-05T20:02:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/?p=30467"},"modified":"2025-12-14T04:25:54","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T04:25:54","slug":"childrens-rights-at-risk-how-climate-change-affects-childrens-rights","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/childrens-rights-at-risk-how-climate-change-affects-childrens-rights\/","title":{"rendered":"Children&#8217;s rights at risk &#8211; How climate change affects children&#8217;s rights"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em><strong>It has been 30 years since the Convention on the Rights of the Child was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 20 November 1989. One of the central themes at this year&#8217;s anniversary events is climate change and its drastic consequences for children&#8217;s rights.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Climate change as a central theme of the anniversary of\nthe Convention on the Rights of the Child<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The 30th anniversary of the <strong>Convention on the Rights of the Child<\/strong> is being celebrated by the United Nations in New York City and Geneva. On September 25, the United Nations General Assembly was having a commemoration at United Nations Headquarters in New York. According to the speech of Henrietta Fore, the UNICEF Executive Director, the focus was on the new challenges to children&#8217;s rights. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The first challenge she mentioned was climate change. In doing so, she demands the adults to listen, support and <em>&#8220;follow the lead&#8221;<\/em> of those children who are protesting against climate politics. (Henrietta Fore, 2019) Environmental and climate protection are also on the agenda for the upcoming commemorative event in Geneva which is scheduled for the end of November (Universit\u00e9 de Geneve, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Convention on the Rights of the Child at a glance<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/111.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-30468\" width=\"326\" height=\"223\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/111.png 634w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/111-300x206.png 300w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/111-230x158.png 230w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/111-350x240.png 350w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/111-480x329.png 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 326px) 100vw, 326px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/convention\/\">Convention on the Rights of the Child<\/a> (CRC) is the first legally binding universal agreement that recognizes children, which are defined as persons under the age of 18, unless they are have already reached the age of majority under applicable law (Article 1 CRC), as independent individuals with non-negotiable rights. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Member States of the Convention have committed to respect, protect and promote the rights of the child. In total, the Convention on the Rights of the Child includes 54 articles containing civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights for children. (OCHR, 30 Years CRC, 2019) Member States&#8217; compliance with the Convention is controlled by the Committee on the Rights of the Child (Protocol II to the CRC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Currently, the Convention on the Rights of the Child has\n196 Member States. The only state in the world that has not yet joined the\nConvention are the United States. (OCHR, status of\nratification)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Climate change threatens children&#8217;s rights<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Although no explicit right to climate protection is\nenshrined in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, <strong>the implementation\nof climate-damaging measures or the omission of climate protection measures\nessentially violate children&#8217;s rights<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Already, the <strong>dramatic effects of climate change<\/strong>\nare reflected in significant changes in temperature, precipitation and sea\nlevel rise. The frequency and intensity of <strong>climate risks and hazards<\/strong>,\nsuch as floods, drought, extreme weather events, the spread of diseases,\nglacial and permafrost melts are steadily rising. This creates threats to the\neconomy, global water supply, agricultural resources, ecosystems, health and\nforestry. (UNFCCC 2019, p.2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/222.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-30469\" width=\"314\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/222.jpg 620w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/222-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/222-230x154.jpg 230w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/222-350x234.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/222-480x321.jpg 480w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/222-272x182.jpg 272w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 314px) 100vw, 314px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>These effects of climate change put at risk the rights of the child (Article 3 CRC), life (Article 6 CRC) and health (Article 24 CRC) and decent living conditions (Article 27 CRC). Furthermore, climate change affects the long-term protection of ethnic minorities (Article 30 CRC). These are often particularly affected by climate change, such as the Inuit by melting the ice in the Arctic. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indirectly, climate change can affect many other children&#8217;s rights, such as the right to education (Article 28 CRC) if schools are destroyed or their families can no longer afford to attend school because of the financial consequences of climate change. In connection with all these threats, the realization of children&#8217;s rights (Article 4 CRC) cannot be guaranteed. <em>(Guillemot\/Burgess)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As the Convention on the Rights of the Child obliges the\nMember States to protect children&#8217;s rights, <strong>they violate the Convention if\nthey do not take<\/strong>, as far as they are able, <strong>adequate measures to\ncounteract climate change<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Communication procedure: <\/strong><strong>16 children fight against child rights violations caused\nby climate policies<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u201cChange needs to happen now if we are\nto avoid the worst consequences.\u201d<\/em> (Greta Thunberg, Press Conference on Communication\nProcedure, 2019)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/333.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-30470\" width=\"316\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/333.jpg 767w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/333-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/333-230x153.jpg 230w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/333-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/333-480x320.jpg 480w, https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/333-272x182.jpg 272w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 316px) 100vw, 316px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Sixteen children from twelve different states between 8 and 17 years have submitted a complaint about children\u2019s rights violations by omitting climate policy measures to the Committee on the Rights of the Child. Among the complainants is the 16-year-old Swedish climate protection activist Greta Thunberg, who became known as the founder of the student movement &#8220;Fridays for Future&#8221;. (UNICEF, 2019)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/convention\/protocol\/optional-protocol-crc-communications-procedure\/\">communication procedure<\/a> is a legal instrument of the Convention on the Rights of\nthe Child, which was launched five years ago by the Third Optional Protocol to\nthe Convention. The complaint will allow children to take action at\ninternational level before the Committee on the Rights of the Child against the\nviolation of their rights by States, if that State has ratified the Protocol.\nHowever, the decision taken by the Committee is not legally binding. (Optional Protocol 3 to the CRC)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The complaint is directed against the five states of Argentina,\nBrazil, France, Germany and Turkey, because they are, according to the\ncomplainants, large and influential G20 states which ignore climate change and\ntherefore fail to protect children&#8217;s rights (UNICEF, Press Conference on the\nChild Rights Complaint, 2019). Currently, the Children&#8217;s Rights Committee is\nhandling the children&#8217;s complaint. The result of the communication procedure remains\nto be seen. (<em>Voytko<\/em>, 2019)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>We must counteract climate change<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Climate change is more than an ecological problem. The\neffects of climate change not only affect the weather, they affect the\nhabitats, living conditions and lives of all people, and especially children.\nIt is high time we all join the activists, recognize the serious effects of\nclimate change and oppose climate change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At Humanium, we are committed to protecting the climate. Only if we can ensure the children sustainable and safe living conditions, we can also realize children&#8217;s rights and provide the children with a sustainable and secure future. And we are committed to ensure that those children&#8217;s rights, which were set out in the Convention on the Rights of the Child 30 years ago, not only have a symbolic character, but are being implemented today and in the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Written by Giulia Welge<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>References:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Guillemot, Joy<\/em><em>\/ Burgess, Jazmin<\/em>\n(UNICEF): Child at Risk: The Case for Joint Action on Climate Change, <a>retrieved from<\/a>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicef-irc.org\/article\/928-child-rights-at-risk-the-case-for-joint-action-with-climate-change.html\">https:\/\/www.unicef-irc.org\/article\/928-child-rights-at-risk-the-case-for-joint-action-with-climate-change.html<\/a> , accessed\non 18.10. 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Henrietta Fore (UNICEF), Speech\nCRC30 Commemoration Event (25.09. 2019), retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/press-releases\/unicef-executive-director-henrietta-fore-crc-30-commemoration-event\">https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/press-releases\/unicef-executive-director-henrietta-fore-crc-30-commemoration-event<\/a>, accessed\non 18 October 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Office of Civilian Human Rights\n(OCHR), Celebrating 30 years of the Convention on the Rights of the Child\n(2019), retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/HRBodies\/CRC\/Pages\/CRC30.aspx\">https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/EN\/HRBodies\/CRC\/Pages\/CRC30.aspx<\/a>, accessed\non 18 October 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Office of Civilian Human Rights\n(OCHR), Ratification Status of Human Rights Treaties, retrieved from: https:\/\/indicators.ohchr.org\/, accessed\non 18 October 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UN General Assembly, Convention\non the Rights of the Child, 20 November (1989), United Nations, Treaty Series,\nvol. 1577, p. 3, retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.refworld.org\/docid\/3ae6b38f0.html\">https:\/\/www.refworld.org\/docid\/3ae6b38f0.html<\/a>, accessed\non 18 October 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UNICEF, 16 children, including\nGreta Thunberg, file landmark complaint to the United Nations Committee on the\nRights of the Child (23 September 2019), retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/press-releases\/16-children-including-greta-thunberg-file-landmark-complaint-united-nations%3c\">https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/press-releases\/16-children-including-greta-thunberg-file-landmark-complaint-united-nations<\/a>, accessed\non 18 October 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UNICEF, Pressekonferenz zur Klimabeschwerde, retrieved\nfrom: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RGf-SBar_r4%3c\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RGf-SBar_r4<\/a>, zuletzt abgerufen am 18.10. 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>United Nations Climate Change\nSecretariat (UNFCCC Secreteriat), Climate action and support trends (2019),\nretrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/Climate_Action_Support_Trends_2019.pdf\">https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/resource\/Climate_Action_Support_Trends_2019.pdf<\/a>, accessed\non 18 October 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Universit\u00e9 de Gen\u00e8ve (Centre\nInterfacultaire en Droits de l&#8217;enfant), Celebrating 30 Years of the Convention\non the Rights of the Child, Programme (2019), retrieved from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unige.ch\/cide\/fr\/conference-30-ans\/home\/programme\/\">https:\/\/www.unige.ch\/cide\/fr\/conference-30-ans\/home\/programme\/<\/a>, accessed\non 18 October 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Voytko,\nLisette<\/em>: Greta Thunberg and 15 Young People Target These 5\nCountries To Fight Climate Change (23.09.2019), Forbes Magazine, retrieved from:\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/lisettevoytko\/2019\/09\/23\/greta-thunberg-15-young-people-file-legal-complaint-to-fight-climate-change\/\">https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/lisettevoytko\/2019\/09\/23\/greta-thunberg-15-young-people-file-legal-complaint-to-fight-climate-change\/<\/a>, accessed\non 18 October 2019.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It has been 30 years since the Convention on the Rights of the Child was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 20 November 1989. One of the central themes at this year&#8217;s anniversary events is climate change and its drastic consequences for children&#8217;s rights. Climate change as a central theme of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":30471,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[152,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-childrens-rights","category-environment-programmes"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Children&#039;s rights at risk - How climate change affects children&#039;s rights - Humanium<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"It has been 30 years since the Convention on the Rights of the Child was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 20 November 1989. 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