{"id":32196,"date":"2020-02-04T17:18:49","date_gmt":"2020-02-04T17:18:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/?p=32196"},"modified":"2025-12-14T04:25:54","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T04:25:54","slug":"the-taboo-of-humanitarian-inequalities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.humanium.org\/en\/the-taboo-of-humanitarian-inequalities\/","title":{"rendered":"The Taboo of Humanitarian Inequalities: what can be learnt from the 2010s"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Taking an introspective look at humanitarian action\u2019s pitfalls throughout the 2010s is key for the constant betterment and no-repeat of past mistakes that must, without question, unfold within the sector in the new decade. Our turning into the new year provides an invaluable opportunity to also turn the page, and to honestly attest to humanitarianism\u2019s key failings in order to, between us, ensure that humanitarian work continues to make positive impact without harm.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Doing\nbetter for children in the new decade<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The past decade has, most notably and most appallingly, witnessed the revelation of extensive sexual violence<\/a> and exploitation<\/a> exacted by the aid industry on the people it purports to help. With internal inquiries dating back to 2001 and over 40 major organisations implicated, the scale of systemic abuse is astonishing, prolonged and well-known by the sector itself (Ainsworth, 2018). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Some of the biggest names in humanitarian work including Oxfam, Save the Children, Red Cross, M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res, International Rescue Committee and Care International were implicated in these \u2018scandals\u2019 which reveal a deep-rooted abusive culture in the aid industry. Oxfam was, once again, implicated in \u2018aid for sex\u2019 (or, rape) as late as 2019 (Times, 2019). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

These persisting issues are inexcusable and affect children<\/a> disproportionately. This cannot be allowed to continue. By acknowledging the most grave failures we are better enabled to address and thwart them with concrete policy change and action. \u2018Do No Harm\u2019 – a cornerstone of humanitarian principals – must unequivocally be translated into reality for the first time in the 2020s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The widening humanitarian wage gap<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

One\nof the inequalities that persists in the humanitarian sector is that of the\ngrowing wage gap between international (often Western) and national staff\n(nationals in the country of operation). In a 2016 study and audio documentary\nby Anna Strempel focusing on India<\/a>, China<\/a>,\nMalawi<\/a>,\nUganda<\/a>,\nSolomon Islands<\/a> and Papua\nNew Guinea<\/a>, it was found that local staff are\npaid on average four times less than international staff – in spite of having\nsimilar levels of education and experience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWhen you are local, you\u2019re not paid equally to international employees, and that determines where you will live, what type of car you use, how you are able to enhance your own security.\u201d <\/em><\/p> – Salome Nduta, Protection officer at the National Coalition of Human Rights Defenders of Kenya (Pauletto, 2018).<\/em> <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Franz <\/strong>– a humanitarian professional with 11 years of experience, and an Indonesian<\/a> national – has an international manager who earns over 10 times more than he does. Franz has 12 days leave a year and his counterpart a month, as well as a better insurance package. A wage gap of 2 to 3 times is, by some, considered justified, but in reality the gap ranges from 4 to 15 times the wage of national staff counterparts (Strempel, 2016).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

On top of this staggering economic inequality scaffolded by humanitarian organisations, international staff often receive generous \u2018packages\u2019 as part of their contracts that national staff do not, and which are not taken into account by the wage gap. These packages can include payment of their children\u2019s private school fees, a company car, generous personal and medical insurance coverage, increased annual leave and paid-for bills and accommodation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This has massive bearings on the quality of life of national staff working in the humanitarian sector as well as on their families<\/a> and wider communities. Shockingly, 80% of local humanitarian workers said that their pay was not sufficient to meet their everyday needs (Strempel, 2016), and a 2017 UNOCHA study affirmed that international staff receive greater psychosocial support, training and security provisions than their national counterparts (UNOCHA, 2017). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

So, a sector supposedly promoting human rights and equality, is in fact contributing to the perpetuation of inequality and poverty<\/a>. A culture of silence around the wage gap exists within organisations as national staff on lower salaries are subject to a power relationship with their international colleagues, and the international colleagues who in turn profit handsomely from their position, are quick to justify the disparity and not about to argue themselves out of a comfortable benefits package and salary\u2026 even if they are sincerely motivated by justice<\/a> and equality for all. This culture of taboo makes the conversation even more essential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The\ngreat cost of devaluing national workers<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMany perceive aid work as these Westerners swashbuckling around the world, but the real aid work is being done by Bangladeshis in Bangladesh, Jordanians in Jordan, and so on.\u201d <\/em><\/p> – Thomas Arcaro, Professor of sociology at Elon University (Pauletto, 2018)<\/em> <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

The economic and\nmaterial inequality between humanitarian staff is also to some extent reflected\nin the tangible safety disparity. About 80% of humanitarian workers who are\nkilled, seriously wounded or kidnapped on the job are national staff (New\nHumanitarian, 2017), and the 2018 Aid Worker Security Report showed that this\nlethal proportion is on the rise (UNOCHA, 2018).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

One such case of violence against aid workers in South Sudan highlights the manifestation of aid worker inequalities. A report from the Feinstein International Centre shows that following the high-profile 2016 subjugation of a group of female humanitarian aid workers to sexual violence in Juba, South Sudan<\/a>, women who were international staff were immediately evacuated from the country and provided with physical, psychosocial and emotional healthcare, as well as being put on indefinite sick leave. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The Sudanese staff members however – who had survived the same assault – were left in Juba \u2018without access to the necessary medicine to prevent pregnancies, HIV, STDs or other diseases\u2019 with the report declaring it \u2018unclear\u2019 what support they were provided, if any, and suggesting that it is likely they would be expected to rely on themselves and local health care services since resident staff have different packages. It asserts that national staff are \u2018often disadvantaged in the care they receive\u2019 (Mazurana, 2017); the impact of such \u2018disadvantage\u2019 being in some cases devastating upon the health, wellbeing and safety of the people concerned. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Overturning\ntired tropes and dangerous rhetoric<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Many humanitarian organisations continue to subscribe to discriminatory<\/a> rhetoric, narratives and behaviour. Indeed, a Humanitarian Women\u2019s Network survey found that 69% of women had experienced discrimination, harassment or abuse at work (The New Humanitarian, 2017), and there is persistent racism still present within the sector, whose neocolonial qualities remain far too prominent (Jayawickrama, 2018). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example, marketing and fundraising initiatives premised on poverty porn and white-washed western images and narratives of white saviourism – the white western aid worker protagonist coming to the rescue of the passive vulnerable black or brown \u2018beneficiary\u2019 – was near-standard during the 2010s, heavily promulgating damaging racist stereotypes (Al Jazeera, 2019). The 2010s have been years of education and a sharp learning curve for the sector. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

These issues have been highlighted repeatedly and the coming years provide the invaluable opportunity for the industry to demonstrate what it has learnt – as well as to continue the much-needed and invaluable work it is carrying out, except – crucially – without any of the harmful by-products. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

This article in no way provides an exhaustive overview of humanitarian failings, of which there are many. It does, however, spotlight some examples of key areas in the most urgent need for change and improvement. Learning from our past and not repeating the darkest moments of our history as a sector is paramount to achieving our ultimate humane mission and objective. Taboos which persist around these most difficult topics must be broken again and again. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

We are accountable to primarily ourselves, and our responsibility to uphold this accountability is paramount. We must look with hope and optimism to the decade ahead. Humanitarian work has had a wealth of successes and accomplishments. By building upon the positive change being carried out, whilst quashing damage being done, humanitarian action may continue to build a better planet in the 2020s for the children<\/a> of the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Written by Josie Thum<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

References<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

AGABA Tindyebwa and Anonymous, \u2018We need to talk about racism in the aid sector\u2019 in OpenDemocracy <\/em>(London: OpenDemocracy Online, 2018), accessed 09.01.2020. <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

AINSWORTH David, \u2018Major aid charities knew of \u2018sex-for-food’ scandal years ago, says Times\u2019 in Civil Society Online <\/em>(London: Civil Society Media Limited, 2018), accessed 10.01.2020. <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

AL JAZEERA, Does humanitarian aid have a \u2018white saviour\u2019 problem?<\/em>, (Youtube, 2019), accessed 09.01.2010.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

GARC\u00cdA-MINGO Elisa, \u2018Cuando los cuerpos hablan. La corporalidad en las narraciones sobre la\nviolencia sexual en las guerras de la Rep\u00fablica Democr\u00e1tica del Congo\u2019 in Revista de Dialectolog<\/em>\u00ed<\/em>a y Tradiciones Populares<\/em>, vol 70. (1) (Madrid: Consejo\nSuperior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, 2015). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

GODE Martin, In security? Humanitarian organisations\u2019 and aid workers\u2019 risk-taking in armed conflicts <\/em>(S\u00f6dert\u00f6rn University, 2014), accessed 09.01.2020.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

JAYAWICKRAMA Janaka, \u2018Humanitarian aid system is a continuation of the colonial project\u2019 in Al Jazeera Online <\/em>(Qatar: AlJazeera Media Network, 2018), accessed 11.01.2020. <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MAZURANA Dyan and Phoebe Donnelly, \u2018Stop the Sexual Assault against Humanitarian and Development Aid Workers\u2019 (Somerville: Feinstein International Centre, 2017), accessed 11.01.2020.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The New Humanitarian, \u2018Aid Workers at Risk on World Humanitarian Day\u2019, (The New Humanitarian Online, 2018).<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O\u2019NEIL Sean, \u2018Oxfam scandal: Staff still offering aid for sex, report claims\u2019, The Times <\/em>(London: The Times, 2019), accessed 11.01.2020.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

SIMPSON Laura, Christine Goyer and Manuel\nSanchez Montero, \u2018Roundtable: Do No Harm\u2019 given at Intensive\nProgramme <\/em>(Warsaw: The University of Warsaw and Network on Humanitarian\nAction (NOHA), 07.09.2018). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

” target=”_blank” rel=”noreferrer noopener” aria-label=” (opens in a new tab)”>PAULETTO Elettra, \u2018The Shocking Inequity in Foreign Aid Nobody Talks About\u2019 in Bright Magazine (<\/em>Medium, 2018), accessed 10.01.2020.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

SECRET AID WORKER, \u2018Who will save the white saviours from themselves?\u2019 (London: The Guardian, 2016), accessed 11.01.2020.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

STREMPEL Anna, \u2018Mind the gap in local and international aid workers’ salaries\u2019 (Massey University: The Conversation, 2016), [online], accessed 10.01.2020. <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

UN OCHA, Presence and Proximity: to stay and deliver, five years on<\/em> (Federal Foreign Office Germany, 2017), accessed 11.01.2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UN OCHA, \u2018Aid worker deaths: the numbers tell the story\u2019, (Medium, 2018), retrieved from, accessed 11.01.2020.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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